SQL Reference
Math Functions

Overview
These scalar math functions operate on a single value and return a single value. They can appear anywhere where an ordinary value or condition can appear.
For a list of common math symbols supported in , see Arithmetic Operations Supported﻿. 
ABS
Returns the absolute value of a specified floating-point number. 
Syntax
SQL
ABS(x)
ABS(x)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT ABS(-250.5); 
SELECT ABS(-250.5); 
﻿
Output: 250.5
ACOS
Returns the inverse cosine of a specified floating-point number. 
Syntax
SQL
ACOS(x)
ACOS(x)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT ACOS(0.25);
SELECT ACOS(0.25);
﻿
Output: 1.318116071652818
ACOSH
Returns the hyperbolic arc-cosine of a specified floating-point number. 
Syntax
SQL
ACOSH(x)
ACOSH(x)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT ACOSH(2);
SELECT ACOSH(2);
﻿
Output: 1.3169578969248166
ASIN
Returns the inverse sine of a specified floating-point number. 
Syntax
SQL
ASIN(x)
ASIN(x)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT ASIN(0.25); 
SELECT ASIN(0.25); 
﻿
Output: 0.25268025514207865
ASINH
Returns the hyperbolic arc-sine of a specified floating-point number.
Syntax
SQL
ASINH(x)
ASINH(x)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT ASINH(2); 
SELECT ASINH(2); 
﻿
Output: 1.4436354751788103
ATAN
Returns the inverse tangent of a specified floating-point number.
Syntax
SQL
ATAN(x)
ATAN(x)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT ATAN(0.25);
SELECT ATAN(0.25);
﻿
Output: 0.24497866312686414
ATAN2
Returns the inverse tangent of two numeric, floating-point values. 
Syntax
SQL
ATAN2(x, y)
ATAN2(x, y)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT ATAN2(0.50, 1);
SELECT ATAN2(0.50, 1);
﻿
Output: 0.4636476090008061 
ATANH
Returns the hyperbolic arc-tangent of a specified floating-point number.
Syntax
SQL
ATANH(x)
ATANH(x)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT ATANH(0.25);
SELECT ATANH(0.25);
﻿
Output: 0.25541281188299536 
BICDF
The cumulative distribution function of the standard bivariate normal distribution, which returns the probability that a random sample of (A, B) is less than x and less than y (A <= x and B <= y). The correlation is set to 0 in the case where you specify two arguments only.
You can specify an optional rho coefficient to calculate the correlation. 
For details, see the bivariate cumulative distribution function.
Syntax
SQL
BICDF(x, y [, rho])
BICDF(x, y [, rho])
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT BICDF(1,2);
SELECT BICDF(1,2);
﻿
Output: 0.8222040420815764
BIPDF
The probability density function of the standard bivariate normal distribution, which returns the relative likelihood that a random sample would equal the specified values. The correlation is set to 0 in the case where you specify two arguments only.
You can specify an optional rho coefficient to calculate the correlation. 
For details, see the bivariate probability density function.
Syntax
SQL
BIPDF(x, y, [, rho])
BIPDF(x, y, [, rho])
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT BIPDF(1,2);
SELECT BIPDF(1,2);
﻿
Output: 0.013064233284684893
BITFUNC
Performs a variety of bit operations. 
The char_func can be any of these string literals: 'AND', 'OR', or 'XOR'. This argument determines the bitwise operation that is performed on arguments x and y.
Syntax
SQL
BITFUNC(char_func, x, y)
BITFUNC(char_func, x, y)
﻿
Parameter
Data Type
Description
character_func
CHAR
This argument determines the bitwise operation that is performed on arguments x and y.
﻿
Can be any of these string literals: 'AND', 'OR', or 'XOR'. 
﻿
To perform bit operations using a NOT operator, use the  BITNOT﻿ function. 
x
INT
A numeric value to be evaluated by the function.
y
INT
A numeric value to be evaluated by the function.
Example
SQL
SELECT BITFUNC('AND',11,12);
SELECT BITFUNC('AND',11,12);
﻿
Output: 8
Example
SQL
SELECT BITFUNC('OR',11,12);
SELECT BITFUNC('OR',11,12);
﻿
Output: 15
Example
SQL
SELECT BITFUNC('XOR',11,12);
SELECT BITFUNC('XOR',11,12);
﻿
Output: 7
BITAND
﻿Alias for the BITFUNC﻿ syntax BITFUNC('AND', x, y). 
BITNOT
Returns the bitwise negation of integral_x.
Syntax
SQL
BITNOT(integral_x)
BITNOT(integral_x)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT BITNOT(1);
SELECT BITNOT(1);
﻿
Output: -2
BITOR
 Alias for the BITFUNC﻿ syntax BITFUNC('OR', x, y).
BITXOR
Alias for the  BITFUNC﻿ syntax BITFUNC('XOR', x, y).
BOOLFUNC
Performs a Boolean logical evaluation on arguments x and y. Numbers equal to 0 evaluate to false, and numbers not equal to 0 evaluate to true.
Syntax
SQL
BOOLFUNC(char_func, x, y)
BOOLFUNC(char_func, x, y)
﻿
Parameter
Data Type
Description
char_func
CHAR
This argument determines the Boolean operation that is performed on arguments x and y.
﻿
Can be any of these string literals: 'AND', 'OR', or 'XOR'. 
﻿
To perform operations using a NOT operator, use the BOOLNOT﻿ function. 
x
INT
A numeric value to be evaluated by the function.
y
INT
A numeric value to be evaluated by the function.
Example
SQL
SELECT BOOLFUNC('AND',0,1);
SELECT BOOLFUNC('AND',0,1);
﻿
Output: false
Example
SQL
SELECT BOOLFUNC('OR',0,1);
SELECT BOOLFUNC('OR',0,1);
﻿
Output: true
Example
SQL
SELECT BOOLFUNC('XOR',0,1);
SELECT BOOLFUNC('XOR',0,1);
﻿
Output: true
BOOLAND
Alias for the BOOLFUNC﻿ syntax BOOLFUNC('AND', x, y).
BOOLNOT
Returns the logical negation of the BOOLFUNC﻿ function. Numbers equal to 0 evaluate to true, and numbers not equal to 0 evaluate to false.
Syntax
SQL
BOOLNOT(numeric_x)
BOOLNOT(numeric_x)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT BOOLNOT(0);
SELECT BOOLNOT(0);
﻿
Output: true
BOOLOR
Alias for the BOOLFUNC﻿ syntax BOOLFUNC('OR', x, y).
BOOLXOR
Alias for the BOOLFUNC﻿ syntax BOOLFUNC('XOR', x, y).
CBRT
Returns the cube root of the numeric value x.
Syntax
SQL
CBRT(x)
CBRT(x)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT CBRT(64);
SELECT CBRT(64);
﻿
Output: 4.0
CDF
The cumulative distribution function of the standard normal distribution. Returns the probability that a random sample is less than or equal to the specified value.
Read more about the cumulative distribution function here.
Syntax
SQL
CDF(x)
CDF(x)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT CDF(1.5);
SELECT CDF(1.5);
﻿
Output: 0.9331927987311419
CEIL 
Returns nearest integer greater than or equal to x.
Syntax
SQL
CEIL(x)
CEIL(x)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT CEIL(23.45);
SELECT CEIL(23.45);
﻿
Output: 24.0
CEILING
Alias for CEIL.
COS
Returns the cosine of x.
Syntax
SQL
COS(x)
COS(x)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT COS(2);
SELECT COS(2);
﻿
Output: -0.4161468365471424
COSH
Returns the hyperbolic cosine of x.
Syntax
SQL
COSH(x)
COSH(x)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT COSH(2);
SELECT COSH(2);
﻿
Output: 3.7621956910836314
COT
Returns the cotangent of x.
Syntax
SQL
COT(x)
COT(x)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT COT(2);
SELECT COT(2);
﻿
Output: -0.45765755436028577
DEGREES
Returns the corresponding angle in degrees for x in radians.
Syntax
SQL
DEGREES(x)
DEGREES(x)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT DEGREES(1.5);
SELECT DEGREES(1.5);
﻿
Output: 85.94366926962348
DIV
Returns the result of x divided by y. If y is zero, returns NULL.
Syntax
SQL
DIV(x, y)
DIV(x, y)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT DIV(45, 9);
SELECT DIV(45, 9);
﻿
Output: 5
ERF
The error function is used for measurements that follow a normal distribution. Can be used to find the probability that the error of single measurement lies between [-a, a]. Read more about the error function here.
Syntax
SQL
ERF(x)
ERF(x)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT ERF(8);
SELECT ERF(8);
﻿
Output: 1.0
ERFC
The complement of the error function. ERFC(x) = 1 - ERF(x).
Syntax
SQL
ERFC(x)
ERFC(x)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT ERFC(8);
SELECT ERFC(8);
﻿
Output: 1.1224297172982928E-29
EXP
Returns the exponential of x (e raised to the power of x).
Syntax
SQL
EXP(x)
EXP(x)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT EXP(1);
SELECT EXP(1);
﻿
Output: 2.718281828459045
FLOOR
Returns nearest integer less than or equal to x.
Syntax
SQL
FLOOR(x)
FLOOR(x)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT FLOOR(22.75);
SELECT FLOOR(22.75);
﻿
Output: 22.0
GAMMA
Read more about the gamma function here.
Syntax
SQL
GAMMA(x)
GAMMA(x)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT GAMMA(9.0); 
SELECT GAMMA(9.0); 
﻿
Output: 40319.99999999999
HEXBINX
Returns the x-coordinate of the center of the nearest hexagonal bin to the point (x, y). Hexagonal bins have a side length of 1.
Syntax
SQL
HEXBINX(x, y)
HEXBINX(x, y)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT HEXBINX(5, 7);
SELECT HEXBINX(5, 7);
﻿
Output: 4.5
HEXBINY
Returns the y-coordinate of the center of the nearest hexagonal bin to the point (x, y). Hexagonal bins have a side length of 1.
Syntax
SQL
HEXBINY(x, y)
HEXBINY(x, y)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT HEXBINY(5, 7);
SELECT HEXBINY(5, 7);
﻿
Output: 7.794
IERF
The inverse of the ERF error function.
Syntax
SQL
IERF(x)
IERF(x)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT IERF(0);
SELECT IERF(0);
﻿
Output: 0.0
IERFC
The inverse of the complement of the error function.
Syntax
SQL
IERFC(x)
IERFC(x)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT IERFC(1);
SELECT IERFC(1);
﻿
Output: 0.0
LEAKYRELU
Returns the leaky rectified linear unit function of x. 
If unspecified, the optional numeric_value_slope argument defaults to 0.01.
Syntax
SQL
LEAKYRELU(x [, numeric_value_slope] ) 
LEAKYRELU(x [, numeric_value_slope] ) 
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT LEAKYRELU(-40);
SELECT LEAKYRELU(-40);
﻿
Output: -0.4
LEFT_SHIFT
Returns x shifted to the left by y  bits. If y is less than 0, then x shifts to the right by the absolute value. The function throws an out of range error if you attempt a shift into the sign-bit.
Syntax
SQL
LEFT_SHIFT(x, y)
LEFT_SHIFT(x, y)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT LEFT_SHIFT(1,2);
SELECT LEFT_SHIFT(1,2);
﻿
Output: 4
LN
Returns the natural logarithm of x (base e or 2.171828…).
Syntax
SQL
LN(x)
LN(x)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT LN(2);
SELECT LN(2);
﻿
Output:  0.6931471805599453
LOG2
Returns the base 2 logarithm of x.
Syntax
SQL
LOG2(x)
LOG2(x)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT LOG2(2);
SELECT LOG2(2);
﻿
Output: 1.0
LOG
Returns the base 10 logarithm of x.  
The optional base argument specifies the numeral system to use. If unspecified, the function defaults to base 10.
Syntax 
SQL
LOG([ base,] x)
LOG([ base,] x)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT LOG(2);
SELECT LOG(2);
﻿
Output: 0.3010299956639812
LOG_GAMMA
The natural logarithm of the absolute value of the gamma function.
Syntax
SQL
LOG_GAMMA(x)
LOG_GAMMA(x)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT LOG_GAMMA(10);
SELECT LOG_GAMMA(10);
﻿
Output: 12.80182748008147
MOD
Returns the remainder from x divided by y.
Syntax
SQL
MOD(x, y)
MOD(x, y)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT MOD(12, 10);
SELECT MOD(12, 10);
﻿
Output: 2
PI
Returns the constant value of π.
Syntax
SQL
PI()
PI()
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT PI();
SELECT PI();
﻿
Output: 3.141592653589793
PMOD
Returns the smallest non-negative equivalence class of x % y.
Syntax
SQL
PMOD(x, y)
PMOD(x, y)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT PMOD(12,10);
SELECT PMOD(12,10);
﻿
Output: 2
POWER
Returns x raised to the power of y. The return type FLOAT is returned for a FLOAT input, DECIMAL for DOUBLE input, and BIGINT otherwise.
Syntax
SQL
POWER(x, y)
POWER(x, y)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT POWER(2, 4);
SELECT POWER(2, 4);
﻿
Output: 16
﻿PROBIT﻿
The inverse of the cumulative distribution function. The function accepts only decimal values between 0 and 1.
Read more about the PROBIT function here. 
Syntax
SQL
PROBIT(x)
PROBIT(x)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT PROBIT(0.4);
SELECT PROBIT(0.4);
﻿
Output: -0.2533471031357998
RADIANS
Returns the corresponding angle in radians for x in degrees.
Syntax
SQL
RADIANS(x)
RADIANS(x)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT RADIANS(2);
SELECT RADIANS(2);
﻿
Output: 0.03490658503988659
RAND
Takes no argument and returns a random DOUBLE value in the range [0, 1).
Syntax
SQL
RAND()
RAND()
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT RAND();
SELECT RAND();
﻿
Output: 0.6053105024272647
RELU
Returns the rectified linear unit function of x.
Syntax
SQL
RELU(x)
RELU(x)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT RELU(-1);
SELECT RELU(-1);
﻿
Output: 0.0
RIGHT_SHIFT
Returns x shifted to the right by y bits. If y is less than 0, then x shifts to the left by the absolute value of y in bits. The function throws an out-of-range error if you attempt a shift into the sign-bit.
Syntax
SQL
RIGHT_SHIFT(x, y)
RIGHT_SHIFT(x, y)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT RIGHT_SHIFT(5,1);
SELECT RIGHT_SHIFT(5,1);
﻿
Output: 2
ROUND
Returns x rounded to the nearest integer.
Syntax
SQL
ROUND(x)
ROUND(x)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT ROUND(12.49); 
SELECT ROUND(12.49); 
﻿
Output: 12.0
SIGN
Returns the positive (+1), zero (0), or negative (-1) sign of x.
Syntax
SQL
SIGN(x)
SIGN(x)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT SIGN(+12);
SELECT SIGN(+12);
﻿
Output: 1
Example
SQL
select SIGN(0);
select SIGN(0);
﻿
Output: 0
Example
SQL
SELECT SIGN(-12);
SELECT SIGN(-12);
﻿
Output: -1
SIN
Returns the sine of x.
Syntax
SQL
SIN(x)
SIN(x)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT SIN(2);
SELECT SIN(2);
﻿
Output: 0.9092974268256817
SINH
Returns the hyperbolic sine of x.
Syntax
SQL
SINH(x)
SINH(x)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT SINH(2);
SELECT SINH(2);
﻿
Output: 3.626860407847019
SQRT
Returns the square root of x.
Syntax
SQL
SQRT(x)
SQRT(x)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT SQRT(81);
SELECT SQRT(81);
﻿
Output: 9
SQUARE
Returns the square of x.
Syntax
SQL
SQUARE(x)
SQUARE(x)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT SQUARE(7);
SELECT SQUARE(7);
﻿
Output: 49
TAN
Returns the tangent of x.
Syntax
SQL
TAN(x)
TAN(x)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT TAN(1.75);
SELECT TAN(1.75);
﻿
Output: -5.52037992250933
TANH
Returns the hyperbolic tangent of x.
Syntax
SQL
TANH(x)
TANH(x)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT TANH(1.75);
SELECT TANH(1.75);
﻿
Output: 0.9413755384972874
TRUNC
Returns x truncated to y decimal places.
Syntax
SQL
TRUNC(x,y)
TRUNC(x,y)
﻿
Example
SQL
SELECT TRUNC(1.23456,3); 
SELECT TRUNC(1.23456,3); 
﻿
Output: 1.234
TRUNCATE 
Alias for TRUNC.
﻿
Parameter	Data Type	Description
character_func	CHAR	This argument determines the bitwise operation that is performed on arguments x and y. Can be any of these string literals: 'AND', 'OR', or 'XOR'. To perform bit operations using a NOT operator, use the BITNOT function.
x	INT	A numeric value to be evaluated by the function.
y	INT	A numeric value to be evaluated by the function.
Parameter	Data Type	Description
char_func	CHAR	This argument determines the Boolean operation that is performed on arguments x and y. Can be any of these string literals: 'AND', 'OR', or 'XOR'. To perform operations using a NOT operator, use the BOOLNOT function.
x	INT	A numeric value to be evaluated by the function.
y	INT	A numeric value to be evaluated by the function.
Updated 17 Oct 2023
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Other Models
Matrix Functions and Operators
Math Functions

Overview

ABS

ACOS

ACOSH

ASIN

ASINH

ATAN

ATAN2

ATANH

BICDF

BIPDF

BITFUNC

BITAND

BITNOT

BITOR

BITXOR

BOOLFUNC

BOOLAND

BOOLNOT

BOOLOR

BOOLXOR

CBRT

CDF

CEIL

CEILING

COS

COSH

COT

DEGREES

DIV

ERF

ERFC

EXP

FLOOR

GAMMA

HEXBINX

HEXBINY

IERF

IERFC

LEAKYRELU

LEFT_SHIFT

LN

LOG2

LOG

LOG_GAMMA

MOD

PI

PMOD

POWER

﻿PROBIT﻿

RADIANS

RAND

RELU

RIGHT_SHIFT

ROUND

SIGN

SIN

SINH

SQRT

SQUARE

TAN

TANH

TRUNC

TRUNCATE

PROBIT
